Efektivitas Edukasi Kesehatan Berbasis Komunitas Dalam Pencegahan Hipertensi Literatur Review

Effectiveness of Community-Based Health Education in Hypertension Prevention: A Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a chronic public health problem that can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Lifestyle factors, low levels of knowledge, and lack of public awareness are the main causes of the increasing prevalence of hypertension. Community-based health education is an important intervention strategy to increase knowledge, awareness, and preventive behaviors in hypertension prevention.

Objectives: Reviewing the effectiveness of community-based health education in preventing hypertension by increasing knowledge, healthy living behavior, and blood pressure control in the community.

Method: This study used a systematic literature review method, searching for articles through Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. Inclusion criteria included full-text articles published between 2020 and 2025 that discussed community-based health education interventions for hypertension prevention.

Result: Community-based educational interventions have proven effective in increasing public knowledge about hypertension, encouraging healthy behavior changes, such as dietary management, regular physical activity, reducing salt intake, and improving adherence to blood pressure checks. Several studies have shown significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure following interventions. Active community participation and a contextualized approach are key factors in the program's success.

Conclusion: Community-based health education is effective in preventing hypertension by increasing knowledge, promoting healthy lifestyles, and controlling blood pressure. This strategy is recommended as a preventive intervention that can be implemented sustainably at the community level.